Coronary artery disease is described as disease of the arteries surrounding the heart.

• A. Endocarditis
• B. Hypertension
• C. Myocardial infarction
• D. Coronary artery disease

Answer: (D)

Coronary artery disease describes a chronic problem where the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle become narrowed or blocked. The phrase “disease of the arteries surrounding the heart” points to the coronary arteries themselves and the ongoing process (often atherosclerosis) that reduces blood flow to the heart. This can lead to symptoms such as chest pain and raises the risk of a heart attack when a blockage occurs. The other conditions are different: endocarditis is an infection of the heart’s inner lining or valves, hypertension is high blood pressure in the systemic arteries, and a myocardial infarction is a heart attack resulting from a sudden obstruction of blood flow, which can be caused by CAD but is an acute event, not the chronic disease itself.