Which disease is a malignant tumor arising from the lungs and bronchi?

• A. URI
• B. Lung Cancer
• C. TB
• D. Emphysema

Answer: (B)

Lung cancer is a malignant tumor that arises in the lungs, most often from the bronchial lining, and can invade nearby tissues or spread to other parts of the body. This distinguishes it from the other conditions: a URI is an acute infection of the upper respiratory tract, not a cancer; TB is a mycobacterial infection that forms granulomas but is not a cancer; emphysema is a chronic lung disease involving destruction of air sacs and airflow limitation, not a tumor. Lung cancer is frequently linked to smoking and other carcinogen exposures, and its symptoms can include a persistent cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, or coughing up blood. Diagnosis usually involves imaging and a biopsy, and treatment depends on the cancer type and stage, ranging from surgery and radiation to chemotherapy and targeted therapies.