Which statement best defines cervicitis?

• A. A benign uterine muscle tumor
• B. A malignant tumor of the cervix
• C. Painful menstruation
• D. Inflammation of the cervix

Answer: (D)

Cervicitis is inflammation of the cervix, the lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina. The term itself uses -itis to indicate inflammation, so this definition fits precisely. This is different from a benign uterine muscle tumor (fibroid), a malignant tumor of the cervix (cervical cancer), or painful menstruation (dysmenorrhea). Cervicitis is often due to infection or irritation and may cause discharge or discomfort, though it can also be asymptomatic.